Fluke 45 Manual de usuario

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®
45
Dual Display Multimeter
Users Manual
PN 855981
January 1989, Rev. 4, 7/97
© 1999 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in USA
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
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Indice de contenidos

Pagina 1 - Users Manual

®45Dual Display MultimeterUsers ManualPN 855981January 1989, Rev. 4, 7/97© 1999 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in USAAll product name

Pagina 2

45Users Manualvi6-3. Performance Tests for mA Current Functions ... 6-76-4. Performance Tests for

Pagina 3

45Users Manual6-6Table 6-2. Performance Tests for Volts, Diode Test, Ohms, and Frequency, Functions (cont.)DisplayFunction Range (Rate)Input LevelFreq

Pagina 4

MaintenanceReplacement Parts66-7Table 6-3. Performance Tests for mA Current FunctionsDisplayFunctionRange (Rate) Input LevelFrequencyMin Max[ (mA)\ (m

Pagina 5 - Table of Contents

45Users Manual6-8Table 6-5. Replacement Parts (cont.)ITEM DESCRIPTION FLUKE PART NO.RS41 *TL20*TL70*TM1TM2TM3TM4TM5Y8021 *Y8022*Y8023*RS-232 modem cab

Pagina 6

AppendicesAppendix Title PageA Specifications... A-

Pagina 8

A-1Appendix ASpecificationsIntroductionAppendix A contains the specifications of the Fluke 45 Dual Display Multimeter.These specifications assume:• A

Pagina 9 - List of Tables

45Users ManualDC VoltageResolution AccuracyRangeSlow Medium Fast (6 Months) (1 Year)300 mV3 V30 V300 V1000 V—————10 µV100 µV1 mV10 mV100 mV100 µV1 mV1

Pagina 10

AppendicesSpecifications AA-3Maximum Input1000V dc or peak ac on any rangeTrue RMS AC Voltage, AC-CoupledResolutionRangeSlow Medium Fast300 mV3 V30 V3

Pagina 11 - List of Figures

45Users ManualDecibel Reference Resistance8000 Ω1200 Ω1000 Ω900 Ω800 Ω600 Ω*500 Ω300 Ω250 Ω150 Ω135 Ω125 Ω124 Ω110 Ω93 Ω75 Ω50 Ω16 Ω†8 Ω†4 Ω†2 Ω†*

Pagina 12 - Introduction

AppendicesSpecifications AA-5DC CurrentResolutionRangeSlow Medium FastAccuracyBurdenVoltage30 mA100 mA10 A10 mA100 mA10 A———100 nA1 µA100 µA1 µA10 µA1

Pagina 13 - Where to go from Here

viiList of FiguresFigure Title Page2-1. Front Panel ...

Pagina 14

45Users ManualAccuracyAccuracyRange FrequencySlow Medium FastmA (To 100 mA)mA (To 100 mA)mA (To 100 mA)A (1-10A)A (1-10A)A (0.5 to 1A)A (0.5 to 1A)20-

Pagina 15

AppendicesSpecifications AA-7OhmsResolutionRangeSlow Medium FastAccuracyTypical FullScaleVoltageMax CurrentThrough theUnknown300 Ω3 kΩ30 kΩ300 kΩ3 MΩ3

Pagina 16 - MULTIMETER SAFETY

45Users ManualOpen Circuit Voltage3.2 V maximumContinuity Capture Time50 us maximum, 10 us typicalInput Protection500 volts dc or rms acNoteWhen the m

Pagina 17

AppendicesSpecifications AA-9NoteWhen the meter is set to measure frequency and there is no input signal(i.e., the input terminals are open), the mete

Pagina 18 - Getting Started

45Users ManualGeneralCommon Mode VoltageSizeWeightPowerStandardsRS-232-C1000 V dc or peak ac maximum from any input to earth9.3 cm high, 21.6 cm wide,

Pagina 19 - Figure 2-2. Rear Panel

B-1Appendix BASCII/IEEE-488 Bus Codes

Pagina 21

AppendicesASCII/IEEE-488 Bus Codes BB-3

Pagina 23

C-1Appendix CIEEE-488.2 Device DocumentationRequirementsIntroductionSection 4.9 of the IEEE Standard 488.2-1987 states: "All devices shall supply

Pagina 24

1-1Chapter 1IntroductionIntroducing the Fluke 45 Dual Display MultimeterNoteThis manual contains information and warnings that must be followed toensu

Pagina 25 - 1000V CAT I

45Users ManualThe default meter setting is: volts tic, autoranging, secondary display inactive. Adifferent power-up configuration can be set by pressi

Pagina 26 - Rack Mounting

AppendicesIEEE-488.2 Device Documentation Requirements CC-3MEAS?, MEAS1?, MEAS2?, VAL?, VAL1?, and VAL2? return one of two possibleformats (set with t

Pagina 27

45Users Manual18. The size of the resource description, if the *RDT command or *RDT? query areimplemented, Sections 10.30 and 10.31.The *RDT and *RAT?

Pagina 28 - Chapter 3

45Users Manual1-2• 100,000, 30,000, and 3,000 selectable count resolution, with display reading speedsof 2.5, 5, and 20 readings per second (rps), re

Pagina 29 - Figure 3-1. Primary Display

IntroductionWhere to go from Here11-3 Chapter 2: Getting started Explains how to prepare the meter for operation and get started quickly taking basic

Pagina 31 - Input Terminals

MULTIMETER SAFETYThe Fluke 45 Dual Display Multimeter has been designed and tested according to IECPublication 348, Safety Requirements for Electronic

Pagina 33

2-1Chapter 2Getting StartedIntroductionChapter 2 explains how to prepare the meter for operation, discusses general operatingfeatures, and walks you t

Pagina 34

45Users Manual2-2mA FuseReceptaclePrimaryDisplaySecondaryDisplayModifierButtonsInputTerminalsFunctionButtonsRangingButtonsShiftKeyReadingRateCALENABLE

Pagina 35 - Measuring Frequency

LIMITED WARRANTY & LIMITATION OF LIABILITYEach Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanshipunder normal use and

Pagina 36

Getting StartedTurning the Meter on22-33. Carrying Position1. Viewing Position2. Alternate Viewing Position4. Removal Position (to Remove, Pul

Pagina 37 - (K, I, H, J)

45Users Manual2-4POWERAUTOMN MXRATEdBRELREF# LOCALTHRESH ADDRBAUDHOLDLOHICOMPAAVFREQVREF-Press to Toggle In and Out of Decibels -Press to Toggle In an

Pagina 38 - WWarning

Getting StartedSelecting a Measurement Range22-5 EXAMPLE: Press Z to select volts ac for the primary display, then press I toselect the decibels modif

Pagina 39

45Users Manual2-6Measuring Voltage, Resistance, or FrequencyTo measure voltage, resistance, or frequency, press the desired function button andconnect

Pagina 40

Getting StartedTaking Some Basic Measurements22-7CALENABLEV10A100mA600V CAT I1000V CAT IFUSE F1500 mAF 250VPOWERAUTO2NDMN MXRATEdBRELREF# LOCALTHRESH

Pagina 41

45Users Manual2-8CALENABLEV10A100mA600V CAT I1000V CAT IFUSE F1500 mAF 250VPOWERAUTO2NDMN MXRATEdBRELREF# LOCALTHRESH ADDR BAUDHOLDLOHICOMPAAVFREQDUAL

Pagina 42

Getting StartedOperating the Meter Under Battery Power (Optional)22-9To perform a diode or transistor junction test, press G to select the diode/conti

Pagina 43

45Users Manual2-10

Pagina 44

3-1Chapter 3Operating the Meter From the FrontPanelIntroductionChapter 3 explains how to operate the meter from the front panel. Refer to Chapter 4 fo

Pagina 45

45Users Manual3-2DisplayThe meter has a 5-digit, vacuum-fluorescent, dual display. This display shows measure-ment readings, annunciators, and message

Pagina 46 - Power-Up Configuration

Safety ClassThis is an IEC safety class 1 (grounded enclosure) product. For safety, the ground wirein the line cord must be connected when operating f

Pagina 47 - Calibration

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelDisplay33-3REMOTEEXT TRGSMF MAXMINdBHOLDRELAUTOmAmVDCACMkHzUNCALmAmVDC ACHzMkRemote Statewith or withoutFront

Pagina 48 - Applications

45Users Manual3-4Neither function modifiers (REL, dB, HOLD, and MN MX) nor the manual range modecan be selected in the secondary display. Measurement

Pagina 49

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelSelecting a Measurement Function33-5Table 3-1. Input LimitsFUNCTION INPUT TERMINALS MAXIMUM INPUT| VeG and COM

Pagina 50 - Using the Dual Display

45Users Manual3-6CALENABLEV10A100mA600V CAT I1000V CAT IFUSE F1500 mAF 250VPOWERAUTO2NDMN MXRATEdBRELREF# LOCALTHRESH ADDR BAUDHOLDLOHICOMPAAVFREQDUAL

Pagina 51 - Response Times

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelRanging33-7Table 3-3. Current Ranges and Full Scale ValuesFast Reading Rate Medium Reading Rate Slow Reading R

Pagina 52

45Users Manual3-8AUTOPress to Enter Manual Range and Up Range Press to Enter Manual Range and Down RangePress to Toggle In and Out of Manual Ranging.

Pagina 53

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelMeasuring Frequency33-9Frequency Measurement RatesThe rate at which frequency measurements are taken is a fact

Pagina 54 - External Trigger

45Users Manual3-10Table 3-7. Maximum Sinewave Inputs for Frequency MeasurementsRange Maximim Input Voltage300 mV 1 V rms3 V 6 V rms30 V 60 V rms300 V

Pagina 55 - Thermal Voltages

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelSelecting A Function Modifier33-11CALENABLEV10A100mA600V CAT I1000V CAT IFUSE F1500 mAF 250VPOWERAUTO2NDMN MXR

Pagina 56 - True RMS Measurements

45Users Manual3-12modifier is selected, the relative base is shown in the secondary display. To turn off thisfeature, press S and, while holding it do

Pagina 58

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelSelecting A Function Modifier33-13HOLD (Touch Hold) ModifierThe Touch Hold modifier allows you to take a measu

Pagina 59

45Users Manual3-14Hold, then converts the measurement to decibels, then determines if the measurement iseither a new minimum or maximum value, and the

Pagina 60 - Interface

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelSelecting A Function Modifier33-15Table 3-10. S Button OperationsPushbuttons OperationsS then Z Show volts ac

Pagina 61

45Users Manual3-16Using The Compare (Comp) Function The compare function (COMP) provides an easy way to determine if a reading fallswithin a designate

Pagina 62

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelUsing The Compare (Comp) Function33-17Using the List EditorUse the list editor to select an option from a list

Pagina 63

45Users Manual3-18Table 3-11. Options Available Through List EditorTo Set Pushbuttons Options AnnunciatorTouch Hold MinimumResponse LevelS then H(THRE

Pagina 64 - E, U, or T

Operating the Meter From the Front PanelPower-Up Configuration33-19 The last number entered (or, in REL, the last measured value) is shown with the le

Pagina 65

45Users Manual3-20Table 3-13. Power-Up Configuration Set at FactoryParameter ConfigurationsFunction Setting DC voltsRange Mode AutorangeReading Rate M

Pagina 66 - How the Meter Processes Input

4-1Chapter 4ApplicationsIntroductionChapter 4 discusses some applications that will help you use the meter effectively. Theseapplications assume you a

Pagina 67

45Users Manual4-2CALENABLEV10A100mA600V CAT I1000V CAT IFUSE F1500 mAF 250VPOWERAUTO2NDMN MXRATEdBRELREF# LOCALTHRESH ADDR BAUDHOLDLOHICOMPAAVFREQDUAL

Pagina 68

iTable of ContentsChapter Title Page1 Introduction ... 1-1Introdu

Pagina 69

ApplicationsUsing the Dual Display44-3Table 4-1. Sample Dual Display ApplicationsPrimary Display Secondary Display ApplicationsVolts DC Volts AC • Mo

Pagina 70 - Triggering Output

45Users Manual4-4CALENABLEV10A100mA600V CAT I1000V CAT IFUSE F1500 mAF 250VPOWERAUTO2NDMN MXRATEdBRELREF# LOCALTHRESH ADDR BAUDHOLDLOHICOMPAAVFREQDUAL

Pagina 71

ApplicationsHow the Meter Makes Dual Display Measurements44-5level, range type (autorange or manual range), the measurement rate (slow, medium, or fas

Pagina 72 - TRIGGER TO µP

45Users Manual4-6Table 4-2. Typical Single Measurement Response Times (in Seconds)Slow Rate Medium Rate Fast RateMeas.FunctionAutoRange1SingleRange2Au

Pagina 73

ApplicationsExternal Trigger44-7Update Rate in the Dual Display ModeThe update rate is the time between successive measurements for a steady state sig

Pagina 74 - Output Queue

45Users Manual4-8Table 4-4. Typical Measurement Intervals (in Seconds) for Dual Display MeasurementsAll AC or All DC Type AC & DC Types MixedMeas.

Pagina 75 - Logical OR

ApplicationsWhen Measuring Resistance44-9When Measuring ResistanceTwo-Wire ConfigurationThe meter measures resistance in a two-wire configuration usin

Pagina 76

45Users Manual4-10By contrast, many meters use average-responding ac converters rather than true rmsconverters. The scale factor in these meters is ad

Pagina 77

ApplicationsTrue RMS Measurements44-11DC AND ACTOTAL RMSTRUE RMS =0.0001.0001.0000.9000.6360.0000.7071.0001.0001.0002D0.0001.000AC-COUPLEDINPUTWAVEFOR

Pagina 78

45Users Manual4-12

Pagina 79

45Users ManualiiMeasuring Frequency... 3-8Frequency Ranging...

Pagina 80

5-1Chapter 5Operating the Meter Using the ComputerInterfaceIntroductionThe meter can be operated from a host (e.g., a terminal, controller, PC, or com

Pagina 81

45Users Manual5-2To determine which computer interface is enabled, press in POWER to turn the meter on.Press S, then press R. If "baud" and

Pagina 82

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfacePreparing the Meter for Operations via the RS-232 Interface55-3RS-232 Print-Only ModeThe print-only mo

Pagina 83

45Users Manual5-4The meter exits the list editor, returns to normal operation, and is configured forRS-232 print-only operations.Cabling the Meter to

Pagina 84

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfacePreparing the Meter to be Operated via IEEE-488 Interface55-5Preparing the Meter to be Operated via IE

Pagina 85

45Users Manual5-6Cabling the Meter to a HostThe meter communicates with a host through an interface connector on the rear panel ofthe meter. First tur

Pagina 86

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceHow the Meter Processes Input55-75. Verify that the meter sends the following responseFLUKE, 45, nnnn

Pagina 87

45Users Manual5-8Enable Register" later in Chapter 5) and the input string is discarded. If, on the otherhand, the input buffer becomes full when

Pagina 88

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceHow the Meter Processes Input55-9• RULE 2: READ QUERY RESPONSES BEFORE SENDING ANOTHERCOMMAND STRING.

Pagina 89

45Users Manual5-10In the following examples, <space> between commands is for readability only. However a <space> between a command and its

Pagina 90

Contents (continued)iiiInstalling the IEEE-488 Interface... 5-5Enabling the IEEE-488 In

Pagina 91

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceHow the Meter Processes Output55-11How the Meter Processes OutputThe following paragraphs summarize ho

Pagina 92

45Users Manual5-122. Press E and T simultaneously."tri" and a number corresponding to the selected trigger type ("1", "2&quo

Pagina 93

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceService Requests (IEEE-488 Only and Status Registers55-13A measurement is triggered while the input is

Pagina 94

45Users Manual5-14the bus responds to the poll by sending the contents of its Status Byte Register. If aninstrument on the bus has made a service requ

Pagina 95 - Maintenance

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceService Requests (IEEE-488 Only and Status Registers55-150123456701234567&&&&&&

Pagina 96

45Users Manual5-16Event Status and Event Status Enable RegistersThe Event Status Register (ESR) assigns specified events to specific bits (see Figure

Pagina 97 - W Warning

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceService Requests (IEEE-488 Only and Status Registers55-17Table 5-6. Description of Bits in ESR and ESE

Pagina 98 - Performance Tests

45Users Manual5-18Table 5-7. Description of Bits in the Status Byte Register*Bit No. Name True (Set to 1) Condition01234567Not used.Not used.Not used.

Pagina 99

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceComputer Interface Command Set55-196 will always be zero.) Convert the returned value to binary to det

Pagina 100

45Users Manual5-20Table 5-8. IEEE-488 Interface Function SubsetsSH1 Source HandshakeAH1 Acceptor HandshakeT5

Pagina 102

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceComputer Interface Command Set55-21Table 5-10. IEEE-488 Common Commands (cont)Command Name Description

Pagina 103 - Appendices

45Users Manual5-22Function Commands and QueriesThe commands in Table 5-11 relate to measurement functions. See Table 5-13 for rangesand measurement ra

Pagina 104

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceComputer Interface Command Set55-23Table 5-12. Function Modifier Commands and QueriesCommand Descripti

Pagina 105 - Specifications

45Users Manual5-24Table 5-12. Function Modifier Commands and Queries (cont.)Command DescriptionMAXSET<numeric value>MINMINSET<numeric value&g

Pagina 106

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceComputer Interface Command Set55-25Range and Measurement Rate Commands and QueriesThe commands in Tabl

Pagina 107

45Users Manual5-26Table 5-13. Range and Measurement Rate Commands and Queries (cont.)Command DescriptionRANGE1?RANGE2?RATE <speed>RATE?Returns t

Pagina 108

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceComputer Interface Command Set55-27Compare Commands and QueriesThe commands in Table 5-15 cause the me

Pagina 109 - AC Current

45Users Manual5-28Miscellaneous Commands and QueriesMiscellaneous commands and queries are summarized in Table 5-17.Table 5-17. Miscellaneous Commands

Pagina 110

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceComputer Interface Command Set55-29RS-232 Remote/Local ConfigurationsThe commands in Table 5-18 are us

Pagina 111 - Diode Test/Continuity

45Users Manual5-30Sample Program Using the RS-232 Computer InterfaceFigure 5-5 is an annotated BASIC A program, written for an IBM PC (or compatible),

Pagina 112 - Frequency

vList of TablesTable Title Page1-1. Accessories...

Pagina 113 - Environmental

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceSample Programs Using the IEEE-488 Computer Interface55-31Sample Programs Using the IEEE-488 Computer

Pagina 114

45Users Manual5-32aam25s.tifFigure 5-6. Sample Programs for IEEE-488 Computer Interface (cont.)

Pagina 115 - ASCII/IEEE-488 Bus Codes

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceSample Programs Using the IEEE-488 Computer Interface55-33aam26s.tifFigure 5-6. Sample Programs for IE

Pagina 116

45Users Manual5-34aam27s.tifFigure 5-6. Sample Programs for IEEE-488 Computer Interface (cont.)

Pagina 117

Operating the Meter Using the Computer InterfaceSample Programs Using the IEEE-488 Computer Interface55-35

Pagina 118

6-1Chapter 6MaintenanceNoteWhen servicing the meter, use only the replacement parts specified.IntroductionChapter 6 provides the information necessary

Pagina 119 - Requirements

45Users Manual6-2Current Input FusesThe 100 mA and 10 A inputs are protected by user-replaceable fuses.• The 100 mA input is protected by a fuse rate

Pagina 120

MaintenanceCurrent Input Fuses66-3If the fuse is good, the meter will read between .04 Ω and 1.0 Ω. If the fuse is blown,the meter will read >10 MΩ

Pagina 121

45Users Manual6-43. Carefully remove the fuse and replace it with one rated as listed above.4. Reverse the disassembly procedure to reassemble the m

Pagina 122

MaintenanceService66-54. The following tests require a Fluke 5725A Amplifier (or equivalent) to be used withthe 5700A. The input level for the perfor

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